1913 Season

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1913 Season
Leadership The Olentangy Park Company
Joseph W. Dusenbury, president
William J. Dusenbury, vice president
Harry Mulbarger, treasurer
Jacob F. Luft, park and theater manager
Opening Day April 27, 1913
Closing Day September 7, 1913 (theater)
September 20, 1913 (Sundays only)
October 5, 1913 (season)
New Attractions The Fun House
Kiss Waltz (possible)
Theater Manager J. W. Dusenbury & W. J. Dusenbury
Stock Company Olentangy Stock Company
Band(s) J. Wylie Powers Band
M. W. A. Drum and Trumpet Corps
Park Size 125 acres

Olentangy Park and Theater opened for the 1913 season on Sunday, April 27, 1913. The opening featured free performances, including band and orchestra concerts; J. Wylie Powers Band, the M. W. A. Drum and Trumpet Corps; a cabaret show with singing, dancing, and vaudeville acts; and various open-air attractions.[1][2][3][4] About 10,000 children and adults visited the park on its opening day.[5] Some new attractions, such as the Fun House, were not ready by the opening but opened later in the season.[6][7][8]

The park theater closed on September 7, 1913. The park switched to being open only on Sundays on September 20, 1913, with dancing from 2 p.m. to 11 p.m.[9] The last day of operation for the season was October 5, 1913. Over 1 million people paid admission to the park during the season in addition to the thousands attending for free.[10]

For ride and attraction changes, see the Rides and Attractions section.

Notable Happenings

Canoe Stolen

A canoe was stolen in January from the Boathouse. It had a green body, open mahogany gunwales, and was double riffed.[11]

March 1913 Flood

A major flood affected Central Ohio on March 25, 1913. By the next day, manager J. W. Dusenbury reported that the Olentangy River had receded two feet from the initial flooding and that the canoes at the Boathouse were safe. The canoes stored there were valued between $3,000 ($95,546 in 2024) and $4,000 ($127,394) and belonged to the members of the Canoe Club.[12] During the opening week, the Republican Glee Club gave concerts every evening, including Sunday for the benefit of the flood sufferers.[13] The Dusenbury Brothers donated the use of the theater that week.[2]

Small Fire

On the morning of April 14, 1913, a fire started in one of the powerhouses that provided power for one of the park's rides, causing $10 ($319 in 2024) worth of damage.[14]

North Side Chamber of Commerce's May Day Outing

The North Side Chamber of Commerce held its fourth annual May Day Outing on Friday, May 23, 1913.[15] Rev. "Billy" Sunday gave speeches, including an address called "Butterfly Chasers."[16] Rev. Sunday had an engagement in South Bend, Ind., so a special fast train[17] brought him to Columbus and back. Governor Cox and Attorney General Hogan were supposed to speak but were called out of the city at the last minute[18] and were replaced with Senator W. A. Greenland.[19][15] The famous "Sunday Choir," directed by Homer Rodeheaver and B. D. Ackley, which had 150 voices,[20] performed. Homer Rodeheaver and B. D. Ackley directed the choir. Channing Ellery and his Italian band gave three concerts, one that Friday and two the following day.[21] Two thousand children participated in a pageant full of dancing led by R. S. Wambold, head of the Department of Recreation.[22][23] Secretary Wambold also held a tug-of-war match where fifteen public elementary schools created teams with up to 50 boys to compete. The winning school team received a silk pennant with their school's name.[24][25] Forty maypoles were erected in the "Wild West Grounds" north of the Dancing Pavilion.[26] A kite-flying contest was added just before the event after a successful contest took place at Franklin Park. Professor W. B. Dee of the local schools directed the contest, and he selected forty of his best kite flyers to compete for prizes.[27]

A guest ticket was available in the The Columbus Sunday Dispatch.[28]

Arrangements were made to have "movies" made of every aspect of the park. Motion pictures were new at the time, and "movie photographers" were stationed at one of the park's entrances to film the thousands of parkgoers passing through the gates. The photographers also filmed the day's events, including Senator Greenlund of Cleveland, Senator William Green,[29] Rev. Billy Sunday,[30][31] and other speakers.[18] They also filmed the kite flying contest.[27] Photos and footage to create a 1,500-foot reel were secured by Royal Photo and Film Company, managed by C. L. Dowerman.[18] Reels were distributed to local theaters to show during the summer, including a June 4 showing at the Colonial Theater.[32][33]

The attendance for the day was between 50,000[18][19] and 100,000 parkgoers.[34][35]

Known showings of the film:

  • Colonial Theater, Columbus, Ohio - June 4, 1913[32]
  • Thomas Theater, Columbus, Ohio (previously The Grand) - June 8, 1913[34]
  • Hippodrome Theater, Springfield, Ohio - June 15, 1913[36][37][38]
  • Luna Theatre in Coshocton, Ohio, - December 25, 1913[39][40]

Public Wedding

Estella Mae Stivitts (or Sivits) of Columbus and Maurice F. Leckrone of Thornville were married at the south bandstand during the annual outing of the Maccabees on June 25. Rev. W. H. Miller, pastor of the Gift Street M. E. Church, officiated the ceremony. The bride was a member of the Alpha Hive No. 14, Ladies of the Maccabees of the World.[41][42][43] It was the largest wedding of the year with 10,000 attendees.[44]

Motion Picture Exhibitors' League Outing

Most of Columbus's 48 motion picture houses closed on June 26 so employees could attend the park's first annual Motion Picture Exhibitors' League of Columbus outing. A grad parade began at 3:30 p.m., and Royal Photo and Film Company recorded footage of the parade and crowds to be later exhibited in various locations in the park.[45] The footage would be auctioned off throughout the day to whoever wanted to show it first. The chairman of the committee on the arrangements was J. V. Dempsey, who had a picture house near the park, and the officers of the league at the time were: J. W. Swain of Pastime and Hippodrome theaters, president; W. R. Wilson of the Schiller Street Theater, secretary; John Smithheisler of the Oak Theater, treasurer; and J.C. Rector of the Marathon Theater, vice president.[46][47][48] Reproductions of the footage were to be later shown at every motion picture house in Columbus,[49] including the Colonial Theater, which showed the footage on August 17.[50]

Runaway Found in Wild West Show

Police found Edward Juhasz, 13, of Cleveland, at the Harry Hill's Wild West show on June 28. The boy said he was picked up from the streets in Cleveland and brought to Columbus to work in the show. The staff said the boy asked to come and paid his own fare.[51]

Flood Prevention Day

The Hillikens (or Hillikins) held an outing and flood prevention day on July 30 with speakers who gave talks on the best practices when it comes to flood prevention. The event also included singing societies, the Wylie Powers Band, balloon ascension and parachute leaps, aerial trapeze, acrobatics, motion pictures, and more.[52][53][54]

Staff of Olentangy Park, Columbus, Ohio (1913)
Staff of Olentangy Park, Columbus, Ohio (1913). From left to right: Jack Deinhardt, advertising agent; Jacob F. Luft, manager of the park and theater; William Phinney, member of the Olentangy Stock Co., and Harry Mulbarger, treasurer.

Sham Battle

A "sham battle" (war reenactment) took place in a field north of Olentangy Park involving G. A. R. veterans, the Old Guard, Spanish-American War veterans, United States Regulars, and others on August 20. The battle was between the Old Guard and the National Guard[55] soldiers from the Columbus Barracks, with the barracks soldiers posing as the Confederates. President Woodrow Wilson pressed a button at the White House at noon, Central Time, to trigger the sham battle.[56] Set up by Harry Allensworth, superintendent of the police and fire telegraph, the button was connected to Western Union and Postal Telegraph Company (set up by G. E. Hawkins, local manager)[57] lines and a cannon, so when the button was pressed, the cannon fired.[58] Nearby factories blew their whistles at the start for ten minutes.[59] The cannon on the Statehouse lawn was fired.[60] Thousands of rounds of blank ammunition were used as other artillery.[61] The sham battle was witnessed by 20,000 people in the field just west of the park. The camp consisted of 400 west of the Olentangy River and 300 veterans on the west bank.[56] Troop B was to appear but became lost in the shuffle and didn't appear until the cameras stopped rolling.[62] A Toledo-based firm of "motion picture men" recorded footage of the event.[63] It was one of the first films censored by the new state board[64]. Consisting of ten reels, it was shown at Memorial Hall (also known as "Old COSI") on September 13-14, 1913,[65] accompanied by two patriotic concerts each afternoon and night at 2:30 p.m. and 8:15 p.m. The cost to attend was 25 cents ($8 in 2024) for adults and 10 cents ($3.19) for school children. Twenty-five percent of the proceeds benefitted the Old Guard to pay for a trip to Chattanooga, Tenn., that September. The Columbus City Council officially recognized the moving picture exhibition at a meeting on September 9.[66][67][61] It was also shown at the Colonial Theater on September 15 and 16.[68] The film was shown at local theaters at least as late as December 1913 as part of advertising for the Marine Corps.[69]

Rumors of Land Sales

At the end of July and the beginning of August, there were rumors that parts of the park's land were being sold. W. J. Dusenbury denied this and said they have leases on the Chittenden grounds for years, which are renewable forever, while the surrounding land was owned by him and his brother, J. W. Dusenbury, the park manager. The rumors came from expiring leases held by the Rail-Light company.[70]

Mock Election at Women Taxpayers' League Outing

Members of the Ohio Women Taxpayers' League explained and demonstrated how to cast a ballot in Ohio and other states before having the right to do so. Thousands of ballots with those running for mayor were printed and given to men and women during the outing on August 27. Voters were required to register before attending to prevent stuffing the ballot box. There were thirty women and girls.[71] The Board of Elections loaned the suffragettes a real voting booth (also called a voting house), including moving the structure to the park.[72] Speakers included Florence D. Richards, a graduate of the University of Berlin; Viola D. Romans, a prominent lecturer; and Carrie Flatter, a well-known Chautauqua lecturer.[73] They held a "pie auction" held by the women "for the sake of showing the world that they [were] domestic." The funds raised went to the suffrage treasury.[74][75]

Canoe Regatta on Labor Day

"Birch Bark" (the Canoe Club) members held a canoe regatta on September 1. Events included:

  • Singles, 100 yards straightaway - Prizes: First, $2 hat ($63.77 in 2024); second, outing hat; third, ribbons
  • Doubles, 220 yards straightaway - Prizes: First, pillow tops; second, silk flags; third, ribbons
  • Doubles, 100 yards straightaway gunwale race - Prizes: First, Windsor silk ties; second, ribbons; third, ribbons
  • Doubles, half-mile straightaway - Prizes: First, two quarts spar varnish; second, middle blouses; third, outing shoes
  • Doubles, man overboard, 100 yards straightaway - Prizes: First, paddles; second, back seats; third, ribbons
  • War canoe race, half-mile, four men to canoe - Prizes: First, silk hose; second, Windsor silk ties; third, ribbons
  • Tilting match - Prize: Name and monogram painted on canoe
  • Swimming race, 100 yards - Prizes: First, bathing suit; second, rubber bathing cap; third, ribbons

It was open to all owners of canvas-covered canoes.[76] Over forty entries were received, the largest since the club was organized.[77]

Injuries and Accidents

Accident in Theater

On June 1, Herbert Schill, 14, fell through a trapdoor on the bridge at the theater while helping his father, Gustav Schill, paint scenery. He fell 22 feet, resulting in a fractured left leg and severe cuts on his left hand. He was treated at Grant Hospital.[78]

Woman Suffers Stroke While Dancing

Helen Harding, 28, (some reports say she was 19 years old), daughter of contractor George Harding, suffered a paralytic stroke during the Grocers' Picnic on June 18. Her left arm and mouth were paralyzed, and she fell to the floor, unable to speak.[79] She recovered her ability to speak about six weeks later.[80]

Salesman Passes Out Due to Excessive Heat

James Carnahan, 49, a traveling salesman for a New York plumbing supply house, fell unconscious at the entrance to the park. Four deaths were reported in the same week caused by excessive heat.[81]

Girl Drowns in Olentangy After Canoe Capsizes

In July, Gertrude Klemm, 15, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Emil Klemm, drowned after the canoe she was in capsized about a half mile north of the park on the Olentangy River. The 15-foot canoe was built for two people, and four children were riding it at the time. The boy in charge of the boat was Dudley Griffin, 15, son of Captain H. D. Griffin, and did not have much experience with handling canoes. The other occupants were Mildred Decker, 17, and Edith Strong, 14. The children were attending a park outing by Rev. Harry C. Robinson for the choir of St. John's Episcopal Church of Avondale Avenue and Town Street. Rev. Robinson, Katherine Jones, Florence Williams, Heather Watterman, and three other choir members were in a second canoe, and its occupant's movements caused the first to fail. Klemm sunk and was lost while the other girls held onto the first canoe. Columbus Canoe Club members Milton Loeb and Alex Levin saved Griffin. Rev. Robinson dropped off his passengers and returned to rescue the girls with the help of Kenneth Hysoll, 15, a park employee. Officers Smith and Anderson recovered Klemm's body around 8 p.m., an hour and a half after the accident.[82]

Rides and Attractions

Band Shell Motion Picture Shows

Main Article: Bandstand (2)

Free motion picture shows were shown each evening in the band shell at the north end of the park.[83]

The Boathouse

Main Article: Boathouse

Boathouse to be Remodeled

In early 1913, flooding damaged the dam on the Olentangy River south of the park within a year of being built. As part of the repairs, managers J. W. Dusenbury and W. J. Dusenbury planned to raise the river to a "good boating level" and remodel the Boathouse to accommodate more boats. They planned to reinforce and reconstruct the dam as one of the first permanent dams in Central Ohio. They planned to remove the bowling alleys and replace them with lavatories and shower baths. The boathouse could keep 110 boats at the park before renovations were started. Work on the boathouse was planned to begin in April.[84] A cartload of new boats was shipped in for the park's opening.[2][3]

Canoe Club Membership Campaign

The Columbus Canoe Club set a new membership goal of 200 new members by May 15. To each of the two members that brought in the largest number of new members in time, the club provided them a set of paddles. The next highest membership registration received canoeing uniforms. This push ran during plans for a new, remodeled Boathouse that was being planned for the park and club.[85]

Dancing Pavilion

Main Article: Dancing Pavilion (2)

The floor of the Dancing Pavilion was redressed and re-polished.[3]

New Fun House

Main Article: The Fun House

The Fun House was built just north of the second Dancing Pavilion by C. Rarick. Opening on May 18,[8] it was two stories and included a human roulette wheel, bull-moose glide, rolling waves, funny stairs, an electric floor, a rainstorm, a wire maze, comic slides, and more.[1][86][3][87][88]

Japanese Village

Main Article: Fair Japan

Fujiwara Kinoshita returned to be in charge of the attraction and this park section. He had several Japanese student assistants from The Ohio State University. The tea house served lunches and dinners, with telephone orders taken from the city.[3]

New Kiss Waltz

Main Article: Kiss Waltz

The Kiss Waltz, also known as Thurston's Kiss Waltz, Thurston's Waltz Ride,[89] and The Tango Waltz,[89] was a track ride proposed to be moved to Olentangy Park in 1913 after its debut at Luna Park, Coney Island, New York,[90] the previous year. It was invented and built by famous magician Howard Thurston[91][92][93], a Columbus native.[94] The ride consisted of barrels on a track that traveled through caverns and dark places. A man and woman each ride a barrel, holding each other in the position of waltzing.[94]

List of Rides and Attractions

Theater, Vaudeville, and Stunt Performances

Olentangy Park Theater

Main Article: Olentangy Park Casino and Theater

Republican Glee Club Flood Benefit Concerts

During the opening week, the Republican Glee Club gave concerts every evening, including Sunday, for the benefit of the flood sufferers.[1] The concerts featured quartet and solo performances. The Royal Male Quartet consisted of Thomas W. Masters, George J. C. Smith, Stephen J. Jones, and A. J. Riggle. The Buckeye Quartet included Carl Talkenberg, Carl Prentice, Robert Grierson, and Howard Lane. The Philharmonic Quartet had several well-known singers at the time, including Loretta Schmidt, Ruth C. Immel, Louis McCardle, and Leroy Taylor. William Church, Alfred Swartz, Harold G. Simpson, W. A. Williams, Marie Allread, Loretta Schneider, David Rohe,[95] Eldon Howells,[96] and other singers also performed. The shows were under the direction of Carl Hoenig.[97]

Olentangy Stock Company

Park manager J. W. Dusenbury traveled to New York City to build the Olentangy Stock Company. The company played for the Southern Theater, also owned by Dusenbury, for two weeks before opening at the Olentangy Park Theater on May 26, 1913.[98]

The Olentangy Stock Company included:

  • John Cumberland
  • Jack Deinhardt
  • Herbert Delmore
  • Margaret Dills, of Columbus
  • Maude Eburne
  • Frederick Forrester (sometimes written as Frederick Farrester)
  • Mona Hungerford, from England
  • Winifred Kingston
  • Lydia Knott
  • Percy Leach, director
  • Philip Leigh (sometimes written as Phillip Leigh)
  • Marion Lord (sometimes written as Marian Lord)
  • Robert Lowe
  • Harry McFayden, stage manager (sometimes written as Harry MacFayden)
  • Thais Magrane, leading woman
  • Gus Schell, scenic artist (sometimes written as Gustav Schill)
  • George Stillwell
  • Robert Warwick, leading man

Shows

Week of May 26: "The Liars"

Week of June 2: "Her Great Match" by Clyde Fitch

Week of June 9: "Pierre of the Plains" by Edgar Selwyn

Week of June 16: "Get Rich Quick Wallingford" by George Cohan

Week of June 23: "The Witching Hour"

Week of June 30: "Hawthorne U.S.A." by Jason Bernard Fagan

Week of July 7: "The Man Who Owns Broadway" by George M. Cohan

Week of July 14: "Green Stockings" by E. W. Mason

Week of July 21: "The Dancing Girl" by Henry Arthur Jones

Week of July 28: "An American Widow" by Kallete Chambers

Week of August 4: "Diplomacy" by Victorien Sardou and Squire Bancroft

Week of August 11: "Captain Swift" by C. Haddon Chambers

Week of August 18: "His Excellency, the Governor" by Robert Marshall

Week of August 25: "Brown's In Town"

Week of September 1: "The Mummy and the Humming Bird"

Outdoor Acts

Blanche McKenney, known then as one of the most skilled woman riders in the world, held a two-week engagement with the McKenny-Hunter racing combination from May 28-June 11. The shows at the arena at the north end of the park[99] involved two-and-three Roman standing races, Roman chariot races, Roman hippodrome races, high school riding, hurdle jumping, and more.[100]

L. H. Hammel performed a balloon ascension on June 18 at the Grocers' Association picnic. He was over 200 lbs. but was able to hang from a balloon 1,000 feet in the air.[101]

Harry Hill's Wild West Show returned to the park on June 29, and performances ran through the month of July[102] in the arena at the north end of the park.[103] The show featured champion lasso thrower Frank Adair, horses and mules supplied by Earl Pavey of Columbus, and performers riding without a saddle or bridle, with Hill offering $100 ($3,190 in 2024) to any owner of a horse his riders could not perform on.[104]

Professor Morman performed balloon ascensions and parachute leaps, and the Montazeli Brothers performed acrobatics and the flying trapeze during the Hilliken outing on July 30.[52] Professor Morman returned for another performance on August 3 just north of the Whirlwind.[105][106]

Music

The M. W. A. Drum and Trumpet Corps performed during the opening of the park.[1]

Channing Ellery and his Italian band played a three-concert engagement at the theater from May 23-24, 1913.[107]

Activities

List of Activities

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Olentangy Park." Columbus Sunday Dispatch, April 13, 1913. Page 5.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Olentangy Park." Columbus Sunday Dispatch, April 20, 1913. Page 5.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 "Olentangy Park." The Columbus Sunday Dispatch, April 27, 1913. Page 5.
  4. ↑ "Summer Opening of Olentangy Park." Marysville Journal-Tribune (Marysville, Ohio), April 15, 1913. Page 4. Accessed through Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/article/marysville-journal-tribune-summer-openin/123751335/
  5. ↑ "Olentangy Draws Big Crowd on Opening Day." Columbus Evening Dispatch, April 28, 1913. Page 3.
  6. ↑ "Olentangy Park." Columbus Evening Dispatch, April 29, 1913. Page 16.
  7. ↑ "Olentangy Park." The Columbus Sunday Dispatch, May 4, 1913. Page 5.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 "Olentangy Park." The Columbus Sunday Dispatch, May 18, 1913. Page 5.
  9. ↑ "Olentangy Park." The Columbus Sunday Dispatch, August 20, 1913. Page 12.
  10. ↑ "Olentangy Is Closed." Columbus Evening Dispatch, October 11, 1913. Page 2.
  11. ↑ Lost and Found notice, Columbus Evening Dispatch, January 29, 1913. Page 12.
  12. ↑ "Says River Falling." Columbus Evening Dispatch, March 26, 1913. Page 5.
  13. ↑ Advertisement. Columbus Sunday Dispatch, April 13, 1913. Page 5.
  14. ↑ "Blaze in Skyscraper." Columbus Evening Dispatch, April 14, 1913. Page 2.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 "Strenuous Billy Given Vociferous Welcome By Many Local Admirers." Columbus Evening Dispatch, May 23, 1913. Pages 1-2.
  16. ↑ "Sunday Will Discuss 'Butterfly Chasers'." Columbus Evening Dispatch, May 16, 1913. Page 8.
  17. ↑ "Billy Sunday to Come in Friday on Special Train." Columbus Evening Dispatch, May 22, 1913. Page 6.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 "Sunday Pleased with Reception at Olentangy." Columbus Evening Dispatch, May 24, 1913. Page 2.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 Brown, Elijah P. 1914. "Reception at Columbus." The Real Billy Sunday, Fleming H. Revell Company. Pages 221-223. Accessed through the Internet Archive. https://archive.org/details/realbillysundayl00brow/page/220/mode/2up
  20. ↑ "Olentangy." Columbus Evening Dispatch, May 17, 1913. Page 10. Note: There was a typo in another source that said 1,500 voices.
  21. ↑ "Olentangy." Columbus Evening Dispatch, May 16, 1913. Page 28.
  22. ↑ "Two Thousand Kids to Be in Pageant." The Columbus Sunday Dispatch, May 11, 1913. Page 1.
  23. ↑ Miller, Maude Murray. 1913. "Pageant at Olentangy Park." Columbus Evening Dispatch, May 17, 1913. Page 5.
  24. ↑ "Ready for Tug-o-War." Columbus Evening Dispatch, May 15, 1913. Page 3.
  25. ↑ Miller, Maude Murray. 1913. "Boys' Contest." Columbus Evening Dispatch, May 17, 1913. Page 5.
  26. ↑ Miller, Maude Murray. 1913. "Wild West Grounds." Columbus Evening Dispatch, May 17, 1913. Page 5.
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 "Kite-Flying Contest at May-Day Outing." Columbus Evening Dispatch, May 21, 1913. Page 17.
  28. ↑ Advertisement. The Columbus Sunday Dispatch, May 4, 1913. Page 6.
  29. ↑ "Sen. Green to Speak at Park Opening." The Coshocton Tribune (Coshocton, Ohio), May 23, 1913. Page 1. Accessed through Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-coshocton-tribune-sen-green-to-spea/160265078/
  30. ↑ "Show Sunday in Movies." Fulton County Tribune (Ohio), May 9, 1913. Page 7. Accessed through Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/article/fulton-county-tribune-show-sunday-in-mov/160264289/
  31. ↑ "Bill Sunday in Films." The South Bend Tribune (South Bend, Indiana), May 13, 1913. Page 7. Accessed through Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-south-bend-tribune-billy-sunday-in-f/160264540/
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 "Colonial." The Columbus Sunday Dispatch, June 1, 1913. Page 5.
  33. ↑ "Moving Picture Man to 'Take' May Day Outing." Columbus Evening Dispatch, May 6, 1913. Page 9.
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 "Thomas Theater and Thomas Air Park." The Columbus Sunday Dispatch, June 8, 1913. Page 5.
  35. ↑ "Сolumbus People Honor Evangelist." The South Bend Tribune (South Bend, Indiana), May 23, 1913. Page 1. Accessed through Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-south-bend-tribune-columbus-people-h/160264853/
  36. ↑ "Butterfly Chasers." Springfield News-Sun (Springfield, Ohio), June 15, 1913. Page 11. Accessed through Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/article/springfield-news-sun-butterfly-chasers/160349601/
  37. ↑ "'Billy' Sunday in Motions Pictures." Springfield News-Sun (Springfield, Ohio), June 15, 1913. Page 8. Accessed through Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/article/springfield-news-sun-billy-sunday-in-m/160349932/
  38. ↑ Midwest Special Service. "In the Middle West." The Motion Picture World, July-September 1913. Page 214. Accessed through Internet Archive. https://archive.org/details/movpictwor17movi/page/214/mode/2up
  39. ↑ "Sunday Film at Luna Today." The Tribune (Coshocton, Ohio), December 25, 1913. Page 7. Accessed through Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-tribune-sunday-film-at-luna-today/160266786/
  40. ↑ Advertisement. The Tribune (Coshocton, Ohio), December 25, 1913. Page 5. Accessed through Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-tribune-luna-theatre-ad/160266470/
  41. ↑ "Public Wedding at Olentangy Park." Columbus Evening Dispatch, June 19, 1913. Page 10.
  42. ↑ "Maccabees and South Siders at Olentangy." Columbus Evening Dispatch, June 25, 1913. Page 3.
  43. ↑ "A Public Wedding." The Zanesville Signal (Zanesville, Ohio), June 21, 1913. Page 3. Accessed through Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-zanesville-signal-a-public-wedding/160265519/
  44. ↑ "Are Married at Park While 10,000 Look On." Columbus Evening Dispatch, June 26, 1913. Page 2.
  45. ↑ "Olentangy Park." Columbus Evening Dispatch, June 21, 1913. Page 10.
  46. ↑ "Motion Pictures for Every Nook of the Park." Columbus Evening Dispatch, June 25, 1913. Page 3.
  47. ↑ "Movie Shows Closed; Owners Attend Outing." Columbus Evening Dispatch, June 26, 1913. Page 2.
  48. ↑ "Moving Picture Day." Columbus Evening Dispatch. 26 June 1913. Pg. 14.
  49. ↑ "Olentangy Park." Columbus Evening Dispatch, June 21, 1913. Page 10.
  50. ↑ "Colonial." Columbus Evening Dispatch, August 14, 1913. Page 16.
  51. ↑ "Runaway is Located." The Columbus Sunday Dispatch, June 29, 1913. Page 7.
  52. ↑ 52.0 52.1 "Olentangy Park." Columbus Evening Dispatch, July 30, 1913. Page 14.
  53. ↑ "Mayor Wm. Dodds Gets an 'Invite'." Gazette News-Current (Xenia, Ohio), July 24, 1913. Page 3. Accessed through Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/article/gazette-news-current-mayor-wm-dodds-get/160265951/
  54. ↑ Flood Prevention Day Wednesday." The Zanesville Signal (Zanesville, Ohio), July 26, 1913. Page 8. Accessed through Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-zanesville-signal-flood-prevention-d/160266144/
  55. ↑ "Sham Battle." Columbus Evening Dispatch, August 19, 1913. Page 14.
  56. ↑ 56.0 56.1 "Columbus Sees Battles." The Plain Dealer (Cleveland, Ohio), August 21, 1913. Page 5. Accessed through Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-plain-dealer-columbus-sees-battles/160451759/
  57. ↑ "Postal Wire Used By Wilson to Fire Cannon." Columbus Evening Dispatch, August 22, 1913. Page 3.
  58. ↑ "Allensworth Arranged Firing Device on Gun." Columbus Evening Dispatch, August 21, 1913. Page 7.
  59. ↑ "President Wilson Will Start Sham Fighting." Columbus Evening Dispatch, August 19, 1913. Page 11.
  60. ↑ "Sham Battle on When President Touches Button." Columbus Evening Dispatch, August 20, 1913. Page 3.
  61. ↑ 61.0 61.1 "Sham Battle Planned." Columbus Evening Dispatch, August 1, 1913. Page 11.
  62. ↑ "Veterans Excited Over Reminiscent Action in Battle." Columbus Evening Dispatch, August 21, 1913. Page 3.
  63. ↑ "Olentangy Park." The Daily Journal-Herald (Delaware, Ohio), August 8, 1913. Page 4. Accessed through the Delaware County Historical Society through OhioMemory.org https://ohiomemory.org/digital/collection/p16007coll56/id/41011/rec/51
  64. ↑ "Human Progress Notes." Columbus Evening Dispatch, September 6, 1913. Page 5.
  65. ↑ "Sham Battle Movies to be on Sept. 13, 14." Columbus Evening Dispatch, September 5, 1913. Page 7.
  66. ↑ "May Buy Supplies Without Awaiting Action of Council: Bought at a Saving." Columbus Evening Dispatch, September 9, 1913. Page 8.
  67. ↑ "Sham Battle Pictures." Columbus Evening Dispatch, September 12, 1913. Page 3.
  68. ↑ "Colonial." Columbus Evening Dispatch, September 16, 1913. Page 16.
  69. ↑ "Her Boy in the Film." Columbus Evening Dispatch, December 12, 1913. Page 4.
  70. ↑ "Denies Park Lot Sales." Columbus Evening Dispatch, August 7, 1913. Page 13.
  71. ↑ "Suffragets Will Show That They Can Vote." The Columbus Sunday Dispatch, August 24, 1913. Page 13.
  72. ↑ "Loan Voting Booth." Columbus Evening Dispatch, August 26, 1913. Page 7.
  73. ↑ "Olentangy Park." Columbus Evening Dispatch, August 27, 1913. Page 16.
  74. ↑ "Suffragists to Hold Pie Auction at Rally." Columbus Evening Dispatch, August 26, 1913. Page 2.
  75. ↑ "Women to Vote During Outing at Olentangy." The Daily Journal-Herald (Delaware, Ohio), August 23, 1913. Page 3. Accessed through the Delaware County Historical Society through OhioMemory.org https://ohiomemory.org/digital/collection/p16007coll56/id/41172/rec/48
  76. ↑ "Canoe Regatta for Labor Day." Columbus Evening Dispatch, August 27, 1913. Page 15.
  77. ↑ "Canoe Club to Stage Regatta on Labor Day." The Columbus Sunday Dispatch, August 31, 1913. Page 15.
  78. ↑ "Fell Through Trap." Columbus Evening Dispatch, June 2, 1913. Page 5.
  79. ↑ "Stricken at Dance." Columbus Evening Dispatch, June 19, 1913. Page 8.
  80. ↑ "Again Able to Speak." Columbus Evening Dispatch, August 23, 1913. Page 3.
  81. ↑ "Heat Has Caused Deaths of Four Columbus People." Columbus Evening Dispatch, June 19, 1913. Page 1.
  82. ↑ "Little Girl is Drowned When Canoe is Upset." Columbus Evening Dispatch, July 10, 1913. Page 1.
  83. ↑ "Olentangy Park." The Columbus Sunday Dispatch, July 27, 1913. Page 5.
  84. ↑ "Canoeists are Promised Good Accommodations." The Columbus Sunday Dispatch, February 23, 1913. Page 9.
  85. ↑ "Canoe Club Launches Membership Campaign." Columbus Evening Dispatch, April 30, 1913. Page 7.
  86. ↑ "Olentangy Park." Columbus Evening Dispatch, April 23, 1913. Page 18.
  87. ↑ "Olentangy Park." The Columbus Sunday Dispatch, May 18, 1913. Page 41.
  88. ↑ "Summer Opening of Olentangy Park." Marysville Journal-Tribune (Marysville, Ohio), April 15, 1913. Page 4. Accessed through Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/article/marysville-journal-tribune-summer-openin/123751335/
  89. ↑ 89.0 89.1 Advertisement. The Billboard, December 14, 1912. Vol. 24. Issue 50. Page 2c. Accessed through the Internet Archive. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "waltz" defined multiple times with different content
  90. ↑ Times Union (Brooklyn, New York), July 25, 1912. Page 9. Accessed through Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/article/times-union-thurstons-kiss-waltz/160314164/
  91. ↑ "Amusement apparatus." Google Patents. US Patent US1083308A https://patents.google.com/patent/US1083308A
  92. ↑ "Amusement apparatus." Google Patents. US Patent US1099951A https://patents.google.com/patent/US1099951A
  93. ↑ "Amusement apparatus." Google Patents. US Patent US1099952A https://patents.google.com/patent/US1099952A
  94. ↑ 94.0 94.1 "Thurston's New Device." Columbus Evening Dispatch. 28 November 1912. Pg. 12.
  95. ↑ "Soloists at Glee Club Concerts." Columbus Evening Dispatch, April 29, 1913. Page 10.
  96. ↑ Photograph. "Eldon Howells." Columbus Evening Dispatch, May 2, 1913. Page 28.
  97. ↑ "Six Benefits This Week for Flood Relief: Glee's Week of Song." The Columbus Sunday Dispatch, April 20, 1913. Page 9.
  98. ↑ "Olentangy Park: Stock Company." The Columbus Sunday Dispatch, April 27, 1913. Page 5.
  99. ↑ "Olentangy Park." Columbus Evening Dispatch, May 30, 1913. Page 22.
  100. ↑ "Olentangy Park." Columbus Evening Dispatch, May 27, 1913. Page 20.
  101. ↑ Illustration caption. Columbus Evening Dispatch, June 13, 1913. Page 21.
  102. ↑ "Olentangy Park." Columbus Evening Dispatch, June 23, 1913. Page 12.
  103. ↑ "Olentangy Park." The Columbus Sunday Dispatch, June 29, 1913. Page 5.
  104. ↑ "Olentangy Park." Columbus Evening Dispatch, July 4, 1913. Page 18.
  105. ↑ "Olentangy Park." Columbus Evening Dispatch, August 1, 1913. Page 20.
  106. ↑ "Olentangy Park." Columbus Evening Dispatch, August 2, 1913. Page 10.
  107. ↑ "Olentangy Park: Ellery's Band." Columbus Evening Dispatch, May 24, 1913. Page 10.


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